Why do we need Desired Capabilities?

Desired Capabilities are needed because every Testing scenario should be executed on some specific testing environment. The testing environment can be a web browser, Mobile device, mobile emulator, mobile simulator, etc. The Desired Capabilities Class helps us to tell the webdriver, which environment we are going to use in our test script.

//it is used to define IE capability 
 DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();
  
capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.BROWSER_NAME, "IE");
capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,true);


System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "C:\\IEDriverServer.exe");
  
 //it is used to initialize the IE driver
 WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);